304 / X5CrNi18-10 vs 409 / X2CrTi12: 64% composition overlap. Moderate differences, generally not direct substitutes.
304 / X5CrNi18-10 vs 409 / X2CrTi12
Side-by-side chemical composition and mechanical property comparison.
Overview
304 / X5CrNi18-10
1.4301
The world's most widely used stainless steel — the original 18/8 austenitic. Good corrosion resistance in atmospheric, organic, and inorganic environments. Excellent formability and weldability. Not recommended for chloride-rich or marine environments (use 316L). Used in food processing, kitchen equipment, architecture, tanks, and general engineering.
409 / X2CrTi12
1.4512
Lowest-chromium ferritic stainless steel with Ti stabilization. Developed specifically for automotive exhaust systems as a cost-effective alternative to austenitic grades. Good oxidation resistance to ~800°C. Used for exhaust manifolds, catalytic converters, mufflers, and heat shields.
| 304 / X5CrNi18-10 | 409 / X2CrTi12 | |
|---|---|---|
| Material Number | 1.4301 | 1.4512 |
| Category | Stainless Steel | Stainless Steel |
| Standard | EN 10088-2 | EN 10088-2 |
Chemical composition (wt%)
| Element | 304 / X5CrNi18-10 | 409 / X2CrTi12 | Overlap |
|---|---|---|---|
| C | 0–0.07% | 0–0.03% | OK |
| Si | 0–1% | 0–1% | OK |
| Mn | 0–2% | 0–1% | OK |
| P | 0–0.045% | 0–0.04% | OK |
Mechanical properties
| Property | 304 / X5CrNi18-10 | 409 / X2CrTi12 | Unit |
|---|---|---|---|
| tensile_strength | 500–700 | 380–560 | MPa |
| yield_strength | ≥ 190 | ≥ 210 | MPa |
| elongation | ≥ 45 | ≥ 25 | % |
Compatibility Assessment
304 / X5CrNi18-10 and 409 / X2CrTi12 have moderate differences (64% overlap). They are generally not direct substitutes. Consider the specific requirements of your application.
Automated assessment based on composition analysis
Frequently Asked Questions
Is 304 / X5CrNi18-10 the same as 409 / X2CrTi12?
304 / X5CrNi18-10 and 409 / X2CrTi12 have a 64% composition overlap. They are generally not directly interchangeable.
Can I replace 304 / X5CrNi18-10 with 409 / X2CrTi12?
Generally not recommended. The compositions differ significantly (64% overlap). These materials have different alloying concepts and are intended for different applications.
What is the difference between 304 / X5CrNi18-10 and 409 / X2CrTi12?
The main differences are in the following elements: Cr. 304 / X5CrNi18-10 is a Stainless Steel grade, while 409 / X2CrTi12 is a Stainless Steel grade.
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Data provided for reference only. Always verify against the applicable specification for critical applications.
All data is for reference only. Equivalents indicate similarity, not identity. Always verify against the applicable specification for safety-critical applications. materialref.com accepts no liability for decisions based on this data.