431 / X17CrNi16-2
1.4057Nickel-bearing martensitic stainless steel with higher corrosion resistance than 410/420. Highest strength of the standard martensitic grades (up to 1100 MPa). Used for marine shafts, propeller shafts, high-strength fasteners, valves, and pump components.
International equivalents
| Flag | Standard | Country | Grade | Number | Match |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 🇺🇸 | AISI | USA | AISI 431 | S43100 | REF |
| 🇪🇺 | EN | Europe | X17CrNi16-2 | 1.4057 | 100% |
| 🇯🇵 | JIS | Japan | SUS431 | — | 97% |
Sources: ASTM A276, EN 10088-3, JIS G4303
Chemical composition comparison (wt%)
Side-by-side: 431 / X17CrNi16-2 (EN) (EN 10088-3) vs SUS431 (JIS)
| Element | 431 / X17CrNi16-2 (EN) | SUS431 (JIS) | Overlap |
|---|---|---|---|
| C | 0.12–0.22% | — | — |
| Si | 0–1% | — | — |
| Mn | 0–1.5% | — | — |
| P | 0–0.04% | — | — |
| S | 0–0.015% | — | — |
| Cr | 15–17% | — | — |
| Ni | 1.5–2.5% | — | — |
Mechanical properties
QT800
| Property | Value | Unit |
|---|---|---|
| Tensile Strength | 800–1000 | MPa |
| Yield Strength | ≥ 600 | MPa |
| Elongation | ≥ 14 | % |
| Hardness HB | ≤ 310 | HB |
| Elastic Modulus | ≥ 215 | GPa |
| Density | ≥ 7.7 | g/cm3 |
Heat treatment
| Process | Temperature | Medium | Holding Time | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| quenching | 980–1030 °C | oil | 30-60 min | Air cooling possible for small sections |
| tempering | 600–700 °C | air | min 60 min | QT800: temper at 620-680°C. Avoid 400-600°C (temper embrittlement) |
| annealing | 750–800 °C | furnace | 1-2 hours | Slow furnace cool |
Compatibility verdict
431 / X17CrNi16-2 and SUS431: 97% composition match
Close equivalents but NOT identical.
Related materials
304 Stainless Steel
1.4301The most widely used austenitic stainless steel. Excellent corrosion resistance, good formability and weldability. Standard choice for food processing, chemical, and architectural applications.
316L
1.4404Low-carbon austenitic stainless steel with molybdenum addition. Superior corrosion resistance to 304, especially against chlorides and pitting. Standard choice for chemical processing, marine, medical implants, and pharmaceutical equipment.
430 Stainless Steel
1.4016Ferritic chromium stainless steel with good corrosion resistance and formability. Lower cost than austenitic grades. Used for automotive trim, kitchen sinks, architectural panels, and appliance components.
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