C45E
1.1191Unalloyed special steel with controlled chemistry (E grade) and 0.42–0.50% carbon. Tighter P and S limits than standard C45 for improved consistency. The most widely used medium-carbon steel for quenching and tempering. Good balance of strength (620–850 MPa QT) and toughness. Through-hardening up to ø60mm. Surface hardening by induction to HRC 58. Used for shafts, gears, bolts, connecting rods, crankshafts, and general machine parts.
International equivalents
| Flag | Standard | Country | Grade | Number | Match |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 🇺🇸 | AISI | USA | AISI 1045 | G10450 | REF |
| 🇩🇪 | DIN | Germany | Ck45 | — | 100% |
| 🇯🇵 | JIS | Japan | S45C | — | 97% |
Sources: ASTM A29, DIN 17200, JIS G4051
Mechanical properties
Compatibility verdict
C45E and S45C: 97% composition match
Related materials
C25E
1.1158Unalloyed special steel with controlled chemistry (E grade) and ~0.25% carbon. Tighter P and S limits (max 0.025%) than standard C25 for improved consistency. Suitable for quenching and tempering to moderate strength levels. Good machinability and weldability. Used for shafts, bolts, transmission parts, crankshafts, and machine components of moderate stress.
C30
1.0528Medium-carbon unalloyed steel with approximately 0.30% carbon. Intermediate strength between C25 and C35. Good machinability and moderate weldability (preheating recommended for thicker sections). Used for moderately stressed structural parts, shafts, bolts, levers, and connecting rods in general mechanical engineering.
C25
1.0406Medium-carbon unalloyed quality steel with 0.22–0.29% carbon. Good machinability and moderate strength in normalized condition. Standard P and S limits (less pure than C25E). Used for bolts, nuts, levers, shafts, and general machine parts not requiring high strength. Can be surface-hardened by induction or flame hardening.
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