D2 / X155CrVMo12-1
1.2379Premium high-carbon high-chromium cold-work tool steel with vanadium and molybdenum. Air-hardening with minimal distortion. Superior wear resistance and edge retention. The global benchmark for cold stamping dies, blanking tools, shear blades, and forming tools.
International equivalents
| Flag | Standard | Country | Grade | Number | Match |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 🇺🇸 | AISI | USA | AISI D2 | T30402 | REF |
| 🇪🇺 | EN | Europe | X155CrVMo12-1 | 1.2379 | 100% |
| 🇯🇵 | JIS | Japan | SKD11 | — | 95% |
| 🇨🇳 | GB | China | Cr12Mo1V1 | — | 93% |
| 🇷🇺 | GOST | Russia | Kh12MF | — | 90% |
Sources: ASTM A681, EN ISO 4957, JIS G4404, GB/T 1299, GOST 5950
Chemical composition comparison (wt%)
Side-by-side: D2 / X155CrVMo12-1 (EN) (EN ISO 4957) vs AISI D2 (AISI) (ASTM A681)
| Element | D2 / X155CrVMo12-1 (EN) | AISI D2 (AISI) | Overlap |
|---|---|---|---|
| C | 1.45–1.6% | 1.4–1.6% | OK |
| Si | 0.1–0.4% | 0.1–0.6% | OK |
| Mn | 0.15–0.45% | 0.1–0.6% | OK |
| P | 0–0.03% | — | — |
| S | 0–0.03% | — | — |
| Cr | 11–13% | 11–13% | OK |
| Mo | 0.7–1% | 0.7–1.2% | OK |
| V | 0.7–1.1% | 0.5–1.1% | OK |
Mechanical properties
QT
| Property | Value | Unit |
|---|---|---|
| Hardness HRC | 58–62 | HRC |
| Elastic Modulus | ≥ 210 | GPa |
| Density | ≥ 7.7 | g/cm3 |
Annealed
| Property | Value | Unit |
|---|---|---|
| Hardness HB | ≤ 255 | HB |
Heat treatment
| Process | Temperature | Medium | Holding Time | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| quenching | 1000–1040 °C | air | 20-30 min | Air hardening. Preheat stages: 650°C then 850°C. Oil quench also possible. |
| tempering | 180–540 °C | air | 2x 60 min minimum | Double temper required. 200°C for max hardness (61 HRC), 520°C for secondary hardening peak |
| annealing | 800–850 °C | furnace | 2-4 hours | Slow furnace cool at max 20°C/h to 600°C then air. Max 255 HB |
Compatibility verdict
D2 / X155CrVMo12-1 and AISI D2: 97% composition match
Close equivalents but NOT identical. Critical differences: C range (1.45–1.6 vs 1.4–1.6), Si range (0.1–0.4 vs 0.1–0.6), Mn range (0.15–0.45 vs 0.1–0.6), Mo range (0.7–1 vs 0.7–1.2).
For dual certification, melt must hit: C 1.45–1.6, Si 0.1–0.4, Mn 0.15–0.45, Mo 0.7–1
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