PA66 (Nylon 66)
Polyamide 66 — stiffer and more heat-resistant than PA6. Higher crystallinity gives better creep resistance and ~40°C higher melting point (260°C vs 220°C). Slightly more brittle. More moisture-sensitive at saturation than PA6. Trade names include Ultramid A (BASF), Zytel 101 (DuPont), Tecamid 66 (Ensinger). Dominant in US/UK markets. Used for automotive engine components, electrical connectors, gears, cable ties, and industrial bushings.
International equivalents
| Flag | Standard | Country | Grade | Number | Match |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ISO | INT | PA66 | — | REF | |
| 🇺🇸 | ASTM | USA | Nylon 66 / ASTM D4066 Group 111 | — | 100% |
Sources: ISO 1874-1, ASTM D4066
Chemical composition comparison (wt%)
Side-by-side: PA66 (Nylon 66) (COMPOSITION) (ISO 1874) vs Nylon 66 / ASTM D4066 Group 111 (ASTM)
| Element | PA66 (Nylon 66) (COMPOSITION) | Nylon 66 / ASTM D4066 Group 111 (ASTM) | Overlap |
|---|---|---|---|
| Hexamethylenediamine unit | 45–55% | — | — |
| Adipic Acid unit | 45–55% | — | — |
Mechanical properties
Dry As Molded
| Property | Value | Unit |
|---|---|---|
| Tensile Strength | 80–90 | MPa |
| Yield Strength | 80–85 | MPa |
| Elongation | 15–40 | % |
| Elastic Modulus | 3–3.2 | GPa |
| Density | 1.14–1.15 | g/cm3 |
| Melting Point | 260–265 | °C |
| Glass Transition Temp (Tg) | 70–80 | °C |
| Water Absorption (24h) | 1–1.3 | % |
Conditioned 50rh
| Property | Value | Unit |
|---|---|---|
| Tensile Strength | 55–70 | MPa |
| Elastic Modulus | 1.4–1.8 | GPa |
Dry (as molded)
| Property | Value | Unit |
|---|---|---|
| Tensile Strength | 80–90 | MPa |
| Tensile Modulus | 3000–3500 | MPa |
| Elongation at Break | 15–80 | % |
| Charpy Impact (notched) | 4–6 | kJ/m² |
Conditioned (50% RH)
| Property | Value | Unit |
|---|---|---|
| Tensile Strength | 50–65 | MPa |
| Tensile Modulus | 1400–1800 | MPa |
| Charpy Impact (notched) | 8–12 | kJ/m² |
General
| Property | Value | Unit |
|---|---|---|
| Density | 1.13–1.15 | g/cm³ |
| Melting Point | 255–260 | °C |
| Glass Transition Temp | 55–65 | °C |
| Water Absorption (24h) | 1–1.5 | % |
| Water Absorption (saturation) | 7–8.5 | % |
Compatibility verdict
PA66 (Nylon 66) and Nylon 66 / ASTM D4066 Group 111: 100% composition match
Close equivalents but NOT identical.
Related materials
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Ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber — THE outdoor/weather elastomer. Saturated backbone gives outstanding ozone, UV, and weathering resistance. Excellent resistance to steam, hot water, and polar solvents. NOT resistant to oils/fuels (opposite of NBR). Good electrical insulation. ρ 0.85-1.3 (lightest common rubber). Used for automotive door/window seals, roofing membranes, radiator hoses, HVAC gaskets, and pond liners.
Epoxy/Carbon Fiber (CFRP)
Carbon fiber reinforced epoxy — the benchmark structural composite material. Unidirectional ply: tensile strength 1500–2000 MPa, modulus 120–150 GPa at density 1.55 g/cm³ (5x stronger than steel at 1/5 the weight). Quasi-isotropic layup: UTS ~600 MPa, E ~50 GPa. Autoclave-cured prepreg (aerospace) or infusion/RTM (industrial). Used in aerospace primary structures (fuselage, wings), Formula 1 chassis, bicycle frames, wind turbine blades, pressure vessels (Type IV) and high-end sporting goods. Fiber types: T300, T700, T800, M40J, M55J.
FKM (Fluoroelastomer / Viton)
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