31CrMoV9
1.8519THE standard nitriding steel — Cr-Mo-V combination optimized for gas nitriding. Vanadium refines grain and forms hard VN nitrides (surface >750 HV). Better core toughness than 31CrMo12 at similar strength. THE default choice when "nitriding steel" is specified without further detail. Used for crankshafts, gears, spindles, extrusion screws, and precision machine components.
International equivalents
| Flag | Standard | Country | Grade | Number | Match |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 🇪🇺 | EN | Europe | 31CrMoV9 / 1.8519 | 1.8519 | 100% |
Sources: EN 10085
Mechanical properties — Pro
QT
| Property | Value | Unit |
|---|---|---|
| Tensile Strength | ||
| Yield Strength | ||
| Elongation | ||
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50CrV4
1.8160Chromium-vanadium spring/tool steel — identical alloy system to 51CrV4 (1.8159) but recognized as a separate grade in some standards. Dual use: heavy-duty springs (EN 10089) AND cold work tools (knives, shear blades). V improves temper resistance and grain refinement. UTS 1200-1500 QT. Used for heavy leaf springs, stabilizer bars, torsion bars, and cold work cutting tools.
51CrMoV4
1.7701CrMoV alloyed spring steel — THE European automotive suspension spring material. CrMo gives deep hardenability for large coil springs, V adds grain refinement and secondary hardening for fatigue resistance. UTS 1350-1600 MPa QT. Used for hot-formed coil springs (cars, trucks), leaf springs, torsion bars, and stabilizer bars. Excellent sag resistance to 200°C.
20MnCr5
1.7147Manganese-chromium case-hardening steel with higher core strength than 16MnCr5. Used for heavily loaded gears, shafts, camshafts, and transmission components requiring high surface hardness with tough core. Popular in automotive and heavy machinery.
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