S355J2+N
1.0577Normalized structural steel with 355 MPa minimum yield strength and J2 impact toughness (27J at -20°C). The normalized delivery condition (+N) ensures refined grain structure and uniform properties throughout the cross-section. Required for EN 1090 execution classes EXC3/EXC4 in structural steelwork. The standard choice for bridges, high-rise frames, crane runways, and wind tower sections where both strength and guaranteed low-temperature toughness are needed. Weldable with CEV typically <0.45.
Mechanical properties — Pro
Normalized
| Property | Value | Unit |
|---|---|---|
| Tensile Strength | ||
| Yield Strength | ||
| Elongation | ||
| impact_energy_minus20C |
General
| Property | Value | Unit |
|---|---|---|
| Density |
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S960QL
1.8933Ultra-high-strength quenched and tempered fine-grained structural steel with minimum yield strength 960 MPa. QL designation indicates impact testing at -40°C. Used for mobile cranes, heavy lift equipment, offshore wind turbine towers, mining machinery, and weight-critical structural applications. Weldable with appropriate precautions (preheating, low hydrogen). Dramatically reduces component weight compared to conventional structural steels.
P355NH
1.0565Weldable fine-grained non-alloy steel for pressure vessels with minimum yield strength 355 MPa. NH designation indicates normalized condition with specified elevated temperature properties and impact testing at -20°C. Very widely used pressure vessel grade for boilers, storage tanks, heat exchangers, and pipes transporting hot liquids and pressurized gases. Good weldability and resistance to brittle cracking.
C45E
1.1191Unalloyed special steel with controlled chemistry (E grade) and 0.42–0.50% carbon. Tighter P and S limits than standard C45 for improved consistency. The most widely used medium-carbon steel for quenching and tempering. Good balance of strength (620–850 MPa QT) and toughness. Through-hardening up to ø60mm. Surface hardening by induction to HRC 58. Used for shafts, gears, bolts, connecting rods, crankshafts, and general machine parts.
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